Explain the commercial process of formation of caustic soda. write down the reaction involved.
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Caustic Soda Production and Manufacturing Process. Nearly all caustic soda is generated by the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution using one of three cell types: mercury, diaphragm and membrane cells. ... In the mercury cell, sodium is discharged in the form of a mercury sodium amalgam and chloride ions as chlorine.
Sodium hydroxide is produced (along with chlorine and hydrogen) via the chloralkali process. This involves the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of sodium chloride. The sodium hydroxide builds up at the cathode, where water is reduced to hydrogen gas and hydroxide ion:
2Na+ + 2H2O + 2e− → H2 + 2NaOH.
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