explain the composition of French society during late 18 century
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Throne was ascended in 1774 by Louis 16 who was a member of the bourboun family of kings,by then he was 20 years old and married an Aushtrian princess Marie Antoinette.The new king found an empty treasury upon his ascession.France financially reasources were completely drained due to long years of wars within the costy of maintaining an extravagant court at the immense place of versailles.Under Louis 16,the thirteen American colonies to gain their independence from the common enemies held under the control of France.The war added more than a billion livres in Britain.To a debt that had already risen to more than two billion livres.The society of estate was part of feudal system that dated back to middle ages.The term old regime is usually used to describe the society and institution of France before1789 as follows;
1st estate-clergy
2nd-nobility
3rd estate-merchants
4th estate-peasants
5th estate-landless labours
1st estate-clergy
2nd-nobility
3rd estate-merchants
4th estate-peasants
5th estate-landless labours
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31
During the 18th century, the French society was divided into three groups. These groups were called the three estates. These three estates were The First Estate, The Second Estate and The Third Estate.
1) The First Estate:- The first estate belonged to the persons of the very prestigious class of the society. These were called 'Clergy'. Clergy was the group of persons who were associated with special functions in the church such as father and other members of the church.
2) The Second Estate:- Nobility belonged to the second estate of that time French society. Nobility was hereditary and hence a person could get nobility by birth. However the new members were also awarded nobility by monarchy after paying heavy taxes or giving outstanding services to the monarchy. That means the nobility could be purchased also.
3) The Third Estate :- The third estate of the 18th century French society was further divided into three categories. The big businessmen, merchants, court officials, lawyers etc belonged to the first category of third estate. Peasants and artisans belonged to the second category of the third estate and small peasants, landless labourers and servants belonged to the third category of the third estate. The persons belonged to the third category were considered as the lowest class in the society. Members of the third estate had to pay all types of taxes.
1) The First Estate:- The first estate belonged to the persons of the very prestigious class of the society. These were called 'Clergy'. Clergy was the group of persons who were associated with special functions in the church such as father and other members of the church.
2) The Second Estate:- Nobility belonged to the second estate of that time French society. Nobility was hereditary and hence a person could get nobility by birth. However the new members were also awarded nobility by monarchy after paying heavy taxes or giving outstanding services to the monarchy. That means the nobility could be purchased also.
3) The Third Estate :- The third estate of the 18th century French society was further divided into three categories. The big businessmen, merchants, court officials, lawyers etc belonged to the first category of third estate. Peasants and artisans belonged to the second category of the third estate and small peasants, landless labourers and servants belonged to the third category of the third estate. The persons belonged to the third category were considered as the lowest class in the society. Members of the third estate had to pay all types of taxes.
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