Question

Explain the concept exchange of energy

Answer 1

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The exchange energy is the energy released when two or more electrons with the same spin exchange their positions in the degenerate orbitals of a subshell. ... Exchange energy is the energy released when two or more electrons with the same spin exchange their positions in the degenerate orbitals of a sub shell.

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Answer 2

The exchange energy is the energy released when two or more electrons with the same spin exchange their positions in the degenerate orbitals of a subshell.

Now the exchange energy increases with the number of electrons with same spin

Exchange energy E = K. n. (n-1)/2

n= no. of electrons with same spin.

K= exchange constant (different for different metals)

Now, as in the half filled configuration, the number of electrons with same spin i.e. n is maximum for the degenerate orbitals of a particular subshell, thus, the exchange energy is maximum for this configuration & thus stabilizes the most.

e.g. Cr (24) takes d5 configuration instead of d4 to gain the more stabilization due to exchange energy.