Question

Explain the concept of drift velocity.

Answer 1

The drift velocity is the average velocitythat a particle, such as an electron, attains in a material due to an electric field.

It can also be referred to as axial drift velocity. In general, an electron will propagate randomly in a conductor at the Fermi velocity

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Answer 2

Hello friend! Thanks for asking question, here is the answer.

The concept of Drift Velocity: 

>> In a metallic conductor, at room temperature electrons are in a state of random motion and frequently collide with atoms with the velocity of the order of 10 raised to 5 m/s. This motion is distributed in all the directions and there is no net transport of charge across any section of the conductor.
>> When the potential difference is applied across conductor, electrons gain velocity in the direction opposite to the electric field.
>> Between two successive collisions, an electron thus acquires a velocity component in the direction opposite to the field. This is in addition to its thermal velocity.
>> As a result there is a definite drift of all the electrons. This drift velocity is superimposed on the random motion of the free electron and is very small, of the order of 10 raised to -3 m/s.
>> Due to drift velocity there is a net flow of electrons.
>> Thus, before setting up an electric field in the conductor, the average velocity of the electron is zero and so there is no net transport of charge in any direction. 
>> There is no current flow in the conductor. But after setting up an electric field, the electrons acquire a small drift velocity in a direction opposite to that of the field.
>> There is net transport of charge and electric current flows through the conductor. Even though, the drift velocity is very small, the current can be very large because of the large number of electrons, all of which start drifting immediately after the field is applied.

I hope this will help you. Thank you.
- BRAINLY STAR  ROSETA.