Explain the concept of 'Heridity, Environment and Social Heridity, with suitable examples. In what way will you, use these concepts as a teacher in teaching learning process?
Answers
Meaning of Heredity:
Each individual has a different pattern of behaviors and personality. This difference is seen due to the influence of heredity and environment. Truly speaking heredity and environment play an important role in the development of the personality and other qualities in the individual.
No person can be born without heredity and genes cannot develop without proper environment. An individual’s heredity is present since the moment of conception, and some environmental conditions also start influencing him from this very stage.
Each trait and response of an individual depends on his heredity and environment. Therefore, in order to know about the individual, it is necessary to understand his heredity and environment
Mechanism of Heredity:
(i) Mating:
Mating is the 1st step for reproduction. The union of male sperm with female ovum the results is zygote.
(ii) Growth:
It involves repeated division of the fertilized cell or zygote.
(iii) Chromosomes:
Every woman and man receives 23 chromosomes from each parent or 46 in all.
(iv) Genes:
Each chromosomes consists of small particles numbering 40 to 100 which are called genes.
(v) Chance factor:
Both ovum and sperm before fertilization contains 23 pairs of chromosomes each. At the time of conception, the genes in the chromosomes of the sperm, pair the genes of ovum and determines the potential characteristics and qualities of the off spring.
The result of the union of the genes is called heredity.
Meaning of Environment:
Environment is nothing but the sum total of the surroundings in which an individual has to live. Psychologically an individual’s environment is related to all those stimuli which he faces from the moment of fertilization till death. Environment is generally divided into two categories-natural and social. Natural environment refers to all those things and forces on and around the earth that influence a perso
Educational Implications of Heredity and Environment:
The knowledge of heredity and environment has a great influence on human development. Human development is the product of both heredity and environment. The development pattern of the children is determined by both heredity and environment.
As per the developmental pattern of the children the educational pattern, methods and learning environment should be made by the teacher in the teaching-learning situation. So the knowledge of heredity and environment helps the teacher in various ways which are discussed hereunder.
i. Knowledge of heredity and environment helps the teacher to know the varying needs and abilities of the children.
ii. It helps to provide proper guidance to his children in the field of educational, vocational and personal.
iii. It helps the teacher to classify the students as gifted, normal or slow learner and arrange different types of education for them.
iv. It helps the teacher to provide better learning environment in the school.
v. It helps the teacher to know the principle of individual differences and arrange the educational experience accordingly.
vi. It helps the teacher to study the behaviour of the children under different situations.
vii. It helps the teacher to organize various curricular and co- curricular programmes for the best benefit of the children.