Explain the condition of Italy before unification and describe its process of unification
Answers
Situation of Italy before unification:
1. History of political fragmentation- like Germany, Italy too had a long history of political fragmentation.
2. Scattered over several States- Italians were scattered over several dynastic States and the multinational habsburg Empire.
3. Italy divided into seven States- only one out or 7, Sardinia-Piedmont was ruled by an Italian princely house.
4. Different rulers controlled different regions- Austrian habsburg ruled North, the Pope ruled the centre, and Bourbon kings of Spain ruled the south.
5. Italian language had many variations- it had not acquired a common form and had many regional and local variations.
Unification of Italy:
1. Revolutionary uprising of 1831 and 1848 failed- initial Revolutionary attempt to unified Italy made by Giuseppe Mazzini failed.
2. Sardinia piedmont got the leadership to unify Italy- Count Cavour, the Chief Minister was the architect under the movement unified Italy through war.
3. Sardinian victory against the Austrian forces left unification- Cavor made tactful Alliance with France and defeated Austrian forces in 1859 which led to unification.
4. Spanish rulers drivin out- Garibaldi help in driving out the Spanish rulers from South Italy and the Kingdom of 2 Siclies in 1860.
5. Victor 2 became the emperor- in 1861 Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed king of United Italy.
THANKS!!.
❤❤