Question

explain the construction and working of electric motor in simple words .

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Answer 1

An electric motor is a device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. A power supply – In general, a simple motor has a DC power source. ... It provides power for the armature of the motor or field coils.

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Answer 2

Answer:

electric motor

let consider a rectangular coil kept in uniform magnetic field (see in fig-1)

1. make a circuit and switch on the circuit, so that the current flows through the coil.
2. the sides AB and CD of the coil are always at right angles to the magnetic field.
3. according to right hand rule, at AB the magnetic force acts inwards perpendicular to the field of magnet and on CD, it acts outward
4. the top view of coil in fig-2
5. the force on the sides BC and DA varies because they make different angles at different positions of the coil in the field. At BC, magnetic force pulls the coil up and at DA magnetic force pull it down
6. The net force acting on AB and CD is 0 because they carry equal current in the opposite direction similarly the sum of the forces on side BC and DA is also 0. so net force is 0 (zero) on the coil.
7. but the rectangular coil comes into rotation in clockwise direction because equal and opposite pair of force acting on the two sides of the coil.
8. If the direction of current in the coil is unchanged, it rotates, upon half rotation in one direction and the next half in the direction opposite to previous like to and fro motion ,if the current change the direction the coil will rotates continuously in same direction
9. to achieve this, we used B1 and B2 brushes
10. after half rotation, the brushes comes into contact with each other slip rings in such a way that the direction of current through the coil is reversed. this happens every half rotation
11. Hence, the direction of rotation of the coil remain the same. this is the principle used in electric motor
12. In electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy

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