Explain the Cyclonic Hypothesis of Spate.
Answer;
The meteorologist of Australia, Spate, considers that monsoon winds are the result of cyclones. These cyclones originate due to the formation of fronts by the conjunction of different air – masses. He considers that the process of formation of fronts during summer is very strong. Thus, these fronts attract the winds full of humidity from oceans. On the other hand, in winter, these fronts become weak and shallow, due to which they are unable to attract rainfall.
Answers
Answer:
The systems developing in the mid and high latitude (35° latitude and 65° latitude in both hemispheres), beyond the tropics are called the Temperate Cyclones or Extra Tropical Cyclones or Mid-Latitude Cyclones or Frontal Cyclones or Wave Cyclones.
Much of the highly variable & Cloudy weather in temperate zone is direct result of these travelling cyclones, so called temperate cyclone. It is in these latitude zones that the polar and tropical air masses meet and form polar fronts, most of these cyclone form wavelike twist i.e. wave cyclone
In continental Europe the largest number of winter cyclones form over the Baltic Sea and sharp contrast between the temperature of the Baltic Sea and adjoining land area leads to formation of storms in this region. Under similar condition numerous storms form over Mediterranean basin. These storms move north-eastward reaching Russia or travel to east as far as northern India. It is associated with instability so called western disturbance.
Western disturbances, specifically the ones in winter, bring moderate to heavy rain in low-lying areas and heavy snow to mountainous areas of the Indian Subcontinent.
They are the cause of most winter and pre-monsoon season rainfall across northwest India. Precipitation during the winter season has great importance in agriculture, particularly for the Rabi crops.
Wheat among them is one of the most important crops, which helps to meet India’s food security. An average of four to five western disturbances form during the winter season. The rainfall distribution and amount varies with every western disturbance.
Saffron cultivation along with that tea cultivation in the foothills of Himalayas is depending on the western disturbance.
Western disturbances are usually associated with cloudy sky, higher night temperatures and unusual rain.
Negative implications of western disturbances:
Excessive precipitation due to western disturbances can cause crop damage, landslides, floods and avalanches.
Over the Indo-Gangetic plains, they occasionally bring cold wave conditions and dense fog.
On the western India due to western disturbances sometimes cotton and other crops get damaged and proves detrimental to the agriculture.
In the foothills of Himalayas sometimes snow and rainfall considered to be detrimental to the agriculture in that area.