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explain the defects of a lens

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$\huge\mathscr{\underline{\underline{\red{Answer}}}}$

Of the three major classes of lens errors, two are associated with the orientation of wavefronts and focal planes with respect to the microscope optical axis. These include on-axis lens errors such as chromatic and spherical aberration, and the major off-axis errors manifested as coma, astigmatism, and field curvature.

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