explain the detail about jean jacques rousseau during the french revolution.
Answers
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Explanation:
His ideas quickly made him a celebrity in the French salons where artists, scientists, and writers gathered to discuss the latest ideas.
In 1762, he published his most important work on political theory, The Social Contract. His opening line is still striking today: “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” The Social Contract helped inspire political reforms or revolutions in Europe, especially in France. The Social Contract argued against the idea that monarchs were divinely empowered to legislate. Rousseau asserted that only the people, who are sovereign, have that all-powerful right.
Explanation:
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712– 1778) was born in Geneva, Switzerland, where all adult male citizens could vote for a representative government. This adult franchise was a major influence on his works. Rousseau travelled in France and Italy, educating himself. In one of his earliest writings, he wrote that man was naturally good and was corrupted by society. His ideas quickly made him a celebrity in the French salons where artists, scientists, and writers gathered to discuss the latest ideas.
In 1762, he published his most important work on political theory, The Social Contract. His opening line is still striking today: “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” The Social Contract helped inspire political reforms or revolutions in Europe, especially in France. The Social Contract argued against the idea that monarchs were divinely empowered to legislate. Rousseau asserted that only the people, who are sovereign, have that all-powerful right.
According to him, the problem in the state of nature was to find a way to protect everyone’s life, liberty, and property while each person remained free. He gave a solution to this problem and asked the people to enter into a social contract. They would give up all their rights, not to a king, but to “the whole community,” all the people. Then, he called all the people the “sovereign,” a term so far used only for the king. He further writes that the people then exercise their “general will” to make laws for the “public good.” However, Rousseau argued that the general will of the people could not be decided by elected representatives. He believed in a direct democracy in which everyone voted to express the general will and to make the laws of the land. Thus, Rousseau had in mind a democracy on a small scale, a city-state like his native Geneva.
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