Explain the difference in radius between the ions and their respective neutral atoms:
Size of Na+ vs Na.
When electron is ______, the mutual electron repulsion _______ but nuclear charge remained the same. The attraction between nucleus towards remaining electron ______.
Size of Na+ ______ Na.
Answers
Solution: The atomic number of Na atom is 11. The arrangement of electrons
in a sodium atom is 2,8,1.
The mutual electronic repulsion between electrons is greater than the nuclear-electron force of attraction. This repulsion causes the electrons to move away from the nucleus and thus the nuclear force of attraction does not reach the outermost orbit.
Hence, the sodium atom is large in size
The atomic number of sodium ion is 10. Thus its arrangement happens to be 2,8 and achieves octet arrangement or noble state.
When electron is lost, the mutual electron repulsion decreases but nuclear charge remained the same. The attraction between nucleus towards remaining electron increases, ultimately reducing the size of the Na ion
Thus, Size of Na+ is less than Na.