explain the different structural,reproductive and physiological adaptation that have enat aquatic ancestors to establish on terrestrial habitats
Answers
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Adaptations are special body parts or behaviors that help a living thing survive in an environment. There are two main types of adaptation: physical adaptations and behavioral adaptations.
Some examples include:
Some examples include:The duck has webbed feet for propelling it through the water and strong wings to take to flight quickly.
Some examples include:The duck has webbed feet for propelling it through the water and strong wings to take to flight quickly.The Bill on a bird: The longer beak helps the bird catch more food. ...
Some examples include:The duck has webbed feet for propelling it through the water and strong wings to take to flight quickly.The Bill on a bird: The longer beak helps the bird catch more food. ...The fur on a bear : Protection from cold weather.
Structural adaptations are physical features of an organism like the bill on a bird or the fur on a bear. Other adaptations are behavioral. Behavioral adaptations are the things organisms do to survive. For example, bird calls and migration are behavioral adaptations.
A physiological adaptation is something that allows an animal to survive. For example, a flower may originally be "fresh water" but if placed near the sea, may adapt to the salt water surrounding it. The flower would then make changes in it's body to help it survive and thrive in the salt water environment.
The definition of structural is something arranged in a specific way, or something that is strong enough for construction use. An example of structural is a Lego building set; a structural toy. An example of structural a two by four piece of redwood; structural redwood.
So, for example, an animal living in a cold climate can have physical adaptations, such as thick fur and short ears to reduce heat loss, but a physiological adaptation might be shivering to generate more heat when it is really cold. Even the fact that it is endothermic ('warm blooded') is a physiological adaptation.
Behavioral, Structural and Physiological Adaptations. 4 posters showing the different types of adaptations. ... Physiological Adaptations – Internal and/or cellular features of an organism that enable them to survive in their environment (e.g. snakes produce poisonous venom to ward o ff predators and to capture prey)...
Answer:
A biological adaptation is any structural (morphological or anatomical), physiological, or behavioral characteristics of an organism or group of organisms (such as species) that make it better suited in its environment and consequently improves its chances of survival and reproductive success. Due to individual phenotypic plasticity (variability), individuals will be more or less successful. Some adaptations may improve reproductive success of the population, but not a particular individual, such as seen in altruistic behavior in social insects.
Organisms that are adapted to their environment are able to :
secure food, water, and nutrients
obtain air, warmth, and spaces
cope with physical conditions such as temperature, light, and heat
defend themselves from their natural enemies
reproduce and rear offspring
respond to changes around them
Adaptation occurs in response to changes in the environment, life style, or relationship to other organisms. Environmental dynamicity, voluntary or compelled shifting of habitat, and human activities may put organisms in a new niche or in environmental stresses or pressures. In such circumstances, the organisms require characteristics suitable to the new situation. Organisms that are not suitably adapted to their environment will either have to move out of the habitat or die out. The term die out in the context of adaptation means that the death rate over the entire population of the species exceeds the birth rate for a long enough period for the species to disappear.
While adaptations provide for the individual purpose of the organism—survival, reproduction, development, maintenance—these same characteristics provide diversity and add to human fascination with, and enjoyment of, nature. Furthermore, while adaptations often are seen as a static set of suitable characteristics, in reality the process of developing adaptations is a dynamic process. Whether envisioned as the product of design or natural selection, or natural selection on the microevolutionary level and design for macroevolutionary changes, the reality is that new adaptations are needed when organisms encounter new environments, and such have arisen for millions of years.
Contents
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1 Types of adaptation
1.1 Aquatic adaptation
1.2 Terrestrial adaptation
1.2.1 Fossorial adaptation
1.2.2 Cursorial adaptation
1.2.3 Arboreal adaptation
1.2.4 Desert Adaptation
1.2.5 Protective adaptation
1.3 Volant adaptation
1.3.1 Passive gliding
1.3.2 Active true flight
2 The theories of adaptation
3 References
4 Credits
In some extreme conditions, it is possible for the previous adaptation to be poorly selected, the advantage it confers over generations decreasing, up to and including the adaptation becoming a hindrance to the species' long–term survival. This is known as maladaptation.
There is a great difference between adaptation and acclimation or acclimatization. The process of developing adaptations occurs over many generations; it is a population phenomenon involving genetics and is generally a slow process. Acclimation or acclimatization, on the other hand, generally occurs within a single lifetime or instantly and deals with issues that are less threatening. For example, if a human being were to move to a higher altitude, respiration and physical exertion will become a problem. However, after spending a period of time under the high altitude conditions, one may acclimatize to the reduced pressure, the person's physiology may function normally, and the change will no longer be noticed.
Types of adaptation
Adaptations can be structural, physiological, or behavioral. Structural adaptations are special body parts of an organism that help it to survive in its natural habitat (e.g., skin color, shape, body covering). Physiological adaptations are systems present in an organism that allow it to perform certain biochemical reactions (e.g., making venom, secreting slime, being able to keep a constant body temperature). Behavioral adaptations are special ways a particular organism behaves to survive in its natural habitat (e.g., becoming active at night, taking a certain posture).
Based on the habitats for which organisms develop adaptations, adaptations can be categorized into 3 fundamental types, namely aquatic, terrestrial, and volant (flying), each of which can be further divided into groups.