Explain the different types of hormones of the gland which is located in the lower part of
brain, and response of the body to those hormones
Answers
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Hypothalamus: The hypothalamus (pronounced: hi-po-THAL-uh-mus) is in the lower central part of the brain. It links the endocrine system and nervous system. Nerve cells in the hypothalamus make chemicals that control the release of hormones secreted from the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus gathers information sensed by the brain (such as the surrounding temperature, light exposure, and feelings) and sends it to the pituitary. This information influences the hormones that the pituitary makes and releases.
Pituitary: The pituitary (pronounced: puh-TOO-uh-ter-ee) gland is at the base of the brain, and is no bigger than a pea. Despite its small size, the pituitary is often called the "master gland." The hormones it makes control many other endocrine glands.
The pituitary gland makes many hormones, such as:
growth hormone, which stimulates the growth of bone and other body tissues and plays a role in the body's handling of nutrients and minerals
prolactin (pronounced: pro-LAK-tin), which activates milk production in women who are breastfeeding
thyrotropin (pronounced: thy-ruh-TRO-pin), which stimulates the thyroid gland to make thyroid hormones
corticotropin (pronounced: kor-tih-ko-TRO-pin), which stimulates the adrenal gland to make certain hormones
antidiuretic (pronounced: an-ty-dy-uh-REH-tik) hormone, which helps control body water balance through its effect on the kidneys
oxytocin (pronounced: ahk-see-TOE-sin), which triggers the contractions of the uterus that happen during labor
Pineal: The pineal (pronounced: pih-NEE-ul) body, also called the pineal gland, is in the middle of the brain. It secretes melatonin (pronounced: meh-luh-TOE-nin), a hormone that may help regulate when you sleep at night and when you wake in the morning.
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