explain the different types of permanent winds
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Answer:
Type of Wind – Permanent Winds
The winds that blow constantly throughout the year are called Permanent Winds. They also blow constantly in a particular direction. There are types of permanent winds:
Trade Winds – These are permanent winds flowing from east-to-west. It flows in the Earth’s equatorial region (between 30°N and 30°S latitudes).
Easterlies – It is a prevailing wind blowing from the east. The trade winds in tropical regions and the prevailing winds in the polar regions are easterlies.
Westerlies – These are prevailing winds that flow from the west towards the east. It flows in the Earth’s middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude. Also called as anti-trades, these winds originate from the high-pressure areas in the horse latitudes and trend towards the poles and steer extratropical cyclones in this general manner.
Seasonal winds
Type of Wind – Local Wind
These blow only during a particular period of the day or year in a small area. For example, land and sea breeze. The types of local wind are given below:
Land Breeze – It is a wind that flows from the land towards the sea. It flows often at night.
Sea Breeze – It is a wind that blows towards land from the direction of a large water body. Sea breeze develops due to differences in air pressure created by the differing heat capacities of water and dry land.
Anabatic Winds – These Winds are upslope winds driven by warmer surface temperatures on a mountain slope than the surrounding air column.
Katabatic Winds – Katabatic winds are downslope winds created when the mountain surface is colder than the surrounding air and creates a downslope wind.