Question

Explain the economic and ecological importance of mountains of India

Answer 1

Mountains have an extremely important role in influencing global and regional climates and weather conditions. They cover around one-quarter of the earth's land surface and are home to 720 million people around the world. Indirectly, billions more living downstream also benefit from mountains.

Mountains provide us with freshwater, energy, food, biodiversity, and medicinal products – resources that may become very rare in the coming decades. They are also very prone to climate changes, land degradation, deforestation and natural disasters. In addition, mountain people very often face marginalization, poverty, and the lack of basic services such as health and education.

The challenge is to identify new and sustainable opportunities that can bring benefits to both highland and lowland communities and help to eradicate poverty without contributing to the degradation of fragile mountain ecosystems.

This year, the International Mountain Day is observed under the theme Mountain Farming. The aim is to stress the importance of sustainable mountain development at the global level.

Answer 2

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Mountain➫ A large landform that rises above the surrounding land in a limited area.

♦ They are generally steeper than a hill.

♦ They are formed through tectonic forces or volcanism.

♦ They have different climates than land at sea level & nearby flat land.

♦ They significant heights above sea level or the surrounding land.

　　　About - "Mount Everest"
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❱ Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world with a peak that soars 8847m above sea level.

❱ It is ituated on the border of Nepal & Tibet in the Mahalangur section of the Himalayan Mountains.

❱ Mount Everest  is so famous for being so high that you've probably heard of it before.

❱ It has been known the world over since the early 1950s when Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzig Norgay first climbed to its awesome summit.

❱ Mount Everest known in Nepali as Sagarmatha and in Tibetan as Chomolungma.

➧ Types 0f Mountains:-
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❱ Dome Mountain
❱ Folded Mountains
❱ Volcanic Mountain
❱ Plateau Mountain
❱ Fault-block Mountain

➧ Importance of Mountains:-
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❱ They influence global & regional climates & weather conditions.

❱ Mountain blocks are often rich in endemic species.

❱ They form a natural wall along the northern borders which is difficult to cross.

❱ They also protect us from cold winds coming from the north.

❱ The rivers originating from the Himalayas carry fertile soil from the mountains to the plains.

➧ Features 0f Mountains:-
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❱ They are prominent landforms that have significant heights above sea level & the surrounding land.

❱ They are steeper than hills.

❱ They are distinguished from plateaus by their grade.

❱ A mountain / mountain range usually has a peak which is a pointed top.

❱ They have different climates than land at sea level & nearby flat land.

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