Question

explain the effort made by scientist to explain the structure of atom by developing various atomic models

Answer 1

The first experiment to really delve into the structure was Thompon's experimental proof that "cathode rays" were rays of electrons, which in turn had to be constituents of the atom (J. J. Thomson).
Next was Millikan's "Oil Drop Experiment", which established the mass/charge ratio of the electron. 
This difficulty (and others) was resolved by Rutherford's scattering experiments, where he showed that the atom was mostly empty space, with a very concentrated mass at the center providing the center of scattering.

Answer 2

J.J Thomson's structure of atom

He developed his atomic theory with the logic that electrons can be easily removed from the atom. The structure of atom developed by Thomson will be like a plum cake. The dry fruits in it are like electrons embedded in the cake. The cake resembles the positive structure

Rutherford's Model of atom

He took a 1000 atoms thick gold foil and passed alpha-particles in it. The records were he noticed alpha particles rebound,deflect in small angles, while most passed through atoms showing there were more space in atoms