Question

explain the electrolysis refining of copper with the help of a diagram​

Answer 1

In electrolytic process, the impure metal is made as anode and a thin strip of pure metal is made as cathode. A solution of the metal salt is made as an electrolyte. On passing the current through the electrolyte, the pure metal from the anode dissolves into the electrolyte. An equivalent amount or pure metal from the insoluble impurities settle down at the bottom of the anode and are known as anode mud.

At anode : Cu→Cu

2+

+2

e−

At cathode : Cu

2+

+2

e−

→Cu

Answer 2

Electrolytic refining is the process of refining a metal (mainly copper) by the process of electrolysis.

The impurities present in copper are Ag, Au, Fe, Ni and Zn. Impure copper is electrolytically refined. Anode is made up of impure Cu. The cathode is made up of pure Cu. The electrolyte is acidified copper sulphate solution.

When current is passed through the electrolyte pure copper content from the anode dissolves into the electrolyte, and the same amount of copper is deposited on the cathode.  

At the anode, Cu is oxidised to Cu²⁺ ions.

$Cu\rightarrow Cu^{2+}+2^{e-}$

At the cathode, Cu²⁺ ions are reduced to Cu.

$Cu^{2+}+2^{e-}\rightarrow Cu$

The impurities can be seen deposited in the bottom.

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