Explain the empowerment of rural local bodies consequent to 73 constitutional amendment act
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73rd Amendment Act 1992 of Indian Constitution Regarding Empowerment of Panchayati Raj Institutions -
The 73rd Amendment Act was passed by the Lok Sabha on 22nd December 1992 and by Rajya Sabha on 23rd December 1992. The Act provided the architecture of the Panchayati Raj system of the country.
Features of the Act -
1) To provide 3-tier system of Panchayati Raj for all states having population over 20 lakh.
2) To hold panchayat elections regularly every 5 years.
3) To provide reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled tribes and women (not less than 33 %).
4) To appoint State Finance Commission to make recommendations as regards to the financial powers of Panchayats.
5) To constitute District Planning Committee to prepare draft development plan for the district as a whole.
Powers and responsibilities -
1) According to the constitution, Panchayats shall be given powers and authority to function as institutions of self government.
2) Preparation of plan for economic development and social justice.
3) Implementation of schemes for economic development and social justice in relation to 29 subjects given in the Eleventh Schedule of Indian Constitution.
4) To levy, collect and apportion taxes, duties, tolls and fees.
The Amendment Act 1992 has given the rural local bodies power to rule on their own. It has also given strength to rural women so that they can take decisions on their own.
The 73rd Amendment Act was passed by the Lok Sabha on 22nd December 1992 and by Rajya Sabha on 23rd December 1992. The Act provided the architecture of the Panchayati Raj system of the country.
Features of the Act -
1) To provide 3-tier system of Panchayati Raj for all states having population over 20 lakh.
2) To hold panchayat elections regularly every 5 years.
3) To provide reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled tribes and women (not less than 33 %).
4) To appoint State Finance Commission to make recommendations as regards to the financial powers of Panchayats.
5) To constitute District Planning Committee to prepare draft development plan for the district as a whole.
Powers and responsibilities -
1) According to the constitution, Panchayats shall be given powers and authority to function as institutions of self government.
2) Preparation of plan for economic development and social justice.
3) Implementation of schemes for economic development and social justice in relation to 29 subjects given in the Eleventh Schedule of Indian Constitution.
4) To levy, collect and apportion taxes, duties, tolls and fees.
The Amendment Act 1992 has given the rural local bodies power to rule on their own. It has also given strength to rural women so that they can take decisions on their own.
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Local self-government in India applies to administrative authorities below the level of the state. India is a national republic with three divisions of governmental machinery.
Central (union), state and local level.
The 73rd and 74th constitutional alterations give identification and security to local governments and in extension, every state has its individual local government law.
Since 1993, local government in India works in two separate forms.
Urban districts, incorporated in the 74th amendment have Nagar Palika but obtain their authorities from the peculiar state governments,
Rural localities have been formed under the Panchayati Raj system, has given many authorities to the village panchayats at the local level.
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