Question

Explain the ERSAMA cyclone how was it caused and what were it's afterimapact.
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Answer 1

Answer:

On October 29, 1999, a super cyclone with a wind speed of 300 mph had struck Odisha, making it probably the greatest cyclonic disaster ever recorded in the last century.

It was first detected when it was at its low pressure stage over the gulf of Siam by the IMD cyclone surveillance system on the morning of October 24, five days before it made landfall.Coastal districts of Balasore, Bhadrak, Kendrapara, Jagatsinghpur, Puri and Ganjam were forced to evacuate their homes.

Winds of up to 260 kph raged for over 36 hours.

Coastal districts of Balasore, Bhadrak, Kendrapara, Jagatsinghpur, Puri and Ganjam were forced to evacuate their homes.

Landfall point

Between Ersama and Balikuda in Jagatsinghpur district (southwest of Paradip)

Time of landfall

10.30 am, October 29, 1999

High wind speed

The wind speed of the super cyclone was so high that the anemometer, a device used for measuring wind speed, at the IMD office and at Paradip had failed to record it

Three days of torrential rain

The super cyclone centred over coastal areas of Odisha for three days was accompanied by torrential rain as a tidal surge of about 7 to 10 metre that swept more than 20 km inland.

Diameter of cyclone: 200 km

Originated from

1999 super cyclone had originated from about 550 km east of the Andaman Islands as a depression

Storm Surge

While the impending storm Phailin may cause a storm surge of about 1.5-2 metre this time, the state witnessed it at 7 -10 metre in 1999.

Districts and towns affected

The storm in 1999 led to 45 cm to 95 cm of rainfall and affected 14 coastal districts, 28 coastal towns and two major cities of Bhubaneswar and Cuttack.

Death toll

While the official death toll then was 9,885 people, unofficial sources estimated the toll to be above 50,000. An estimated 1,500 children were orphaned. Of the total casualty, Jagatsinghpur district alone had accounted for 8,119 people.

Affected people

At least 13 million people, including 3.3 million children, 5 million women and nearly 3.5 million elderly people were affected in 1999.

Injured people

The storm had left 7,505 people injured

Livestock lost

3,15,886 head of cattle

Roof snatched

16,50,086 houses damaged, 23,129 houses washed away, 7,46,337 houses fully destroyed and 8,80,620 houses partially damaged

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