Question

Explain the factors affecting the rate of reaction in SN¹ and SN² reactions.

Answer 1

Explanation:

Factors affecting SN1

1) Nature of alkyl halide

stability of carbocation increases.... the rate of SN1 increases

2)Nature of Leaving group

weaker the base ==> better leaving group

3) Nature of Solvent

Polar Protic solvent

⬆️ dielectric constant ⬆️ rate of SN1

Factors affecting SN2

1 1 the rate is inversely proportional to steric crowding

2 to stability of transition state most stable the transition state more will be the SN2 reaction the electron withdrawing group stabilizes the transition state and hence SN2 will be more and more stable

3 stronger the nucleophile higher will be the rate of reaction weak nucleophile shoes SN1 action

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