Question

Explain the factors influencing of the climate of the india.......

Answer 1

1) LATITUDE - Due to the curvature of the Earth, the amount of solar energy received is different according to the latitudes.

2) ALTITUDE - As we go higher, temperature generally decreases (From equator to poles) as the atmosphere becomes less dense.

3) PRESSURE AND WIND SYSTEM - They depend on the latitude and altitude of a place, thus influencing the rainfall patterns.

4) DISTANCE FROM SEA - The sea has a moderating effect on the climate. As distance from sea increases, this effect decreases and places experience extreme weather conditions (continentality).

5) OCEAN CURRENTS - They affect the climate of the coastal areas with the onshore winds.

6) RELIEF - High mountains act as barriers for cold/hot winds, may also cause precipitation if they are high enough and lie in the path of rain bearing winds. The leeward side of the mountains remains dry.

Answer 2

$\textsf{\underline{Factors influencing the climate of India :}}$

Indian climate is influenced by various geographical factors as below :

$\textbf{\underline{Location and latitudinal extent}}$

• The Tropic of Cancer divides the country roughly into two parts.

• Areas that lie to the south of this parallel experience high temperature throughout the year.

• The areas in the north of this parallel comparatively experience low temperatures.

$\textbf{\underline{Distance from sea}}$

• Coastal areas are neither too hot nor too cold .

• They enjoy equable climate.

Example : Mumbai

• On the contrary the places which are sorrounded by land on all the sides experience extreme or Continental type of climate .

Example : Delhi

$\textbf{\underline{The Himalayas}}$

• Himalayan ranges act as a barrier to the cold winds from Central Asia.

• They also cause rainfall in the country by obstructing rain bearing monsoon winds from crossing the country.

$\textbf{\underline{Altitude}}$

• There is a gradual decrease in the temperature with increase in the height.

• Places such as Ooty have cold climate though they are situated in the Peninsular India close to equator.

$\textbf{\underline{Air pressure conditions and winds}}$

• Temperature and air pressure condition cause different local climate in different parts of country.

Example : in winter winds blow from the land to sea and a very dry. In summer the winds blow from sea to land cause heavy rainfall.