Explain the features of cabinet mission proposal why did the proposal failed? ???
Answers
With the Japanese army rapidly advancing towards India , it became necessary for the British to break the political dea dlock in India. Churchill announced in March 1942,that Stanford Cripps would go to India for consultation all the parties
◼ITS FEATURES:---
▶India would be given Dom inion Status when the end of world war .
▶The constituent assembly would be set up. It would consist of the members elected by the Lower house and the Indian legislature and the representatives of the Princely states nominated by their rulers.
▶There would be a federation of British India and the Indian States. Any state against this will be given domain status separately.
▶The provinces would be free to join the Indian Union or they can formulate their own constitution.
▶An undertaking would be negotiated between His majesty Government and the constituent assembly covering all matters on complete transfer of responsibilities.
▶Provision would also be made for the protection of the radical and religious minorities.
◼FAILURE OF CRIPS MISSION
▶The cripps ' Mission did not bring promise of Independence in near future.
▶The plan involves partition of country.
▶The league opposed the creation of a single union.
▶The Hindu Mahasabha rejected the proposals because it feared the partition of country.
▶The Sikhs ,the Anglo-Indians Christians and labour leader also opposed them as it does not safeguard their interest.
▶The people of Princely State had no right to send their representatives to the proposed constitution making body.
▶The congress wanted that all subjects including defence should be handed over to National Goverment. The congress insisted on the immediate formation of a National Government with full responsibility.
The Cabinet Mission Plan was wrecked on the basic question whether India was to remain united or to be split up to satisfy the Muslim League's demand for Pakistan.The following points will illustrate the answer.
1) Firstly, the Congress rejected the Viceroy's offer to join the Interim Government, because of principle parity with the Muslim League(a communal organization). The Congress also wanteda nationalist Muslim in the Government since the Congress represented the nation and not Hindus alone.
2) The Muslim League, on the other hand, accepted the June 16 statement and demanded the formation of Interim Government. But the Viceroy did not like to do without Congress & postponded the plan.This infuriated the Jinnah and he persisted that the elections to the Constituent Assembly too, should be postponed. Since the Viceroy did not agree to the postponement, the Council of League withdrew its acceptance of the Plan by a resolution passed on July 29, 1946.
3)Despite League’s protests, elections to the Constituent Assembly were not postponed. By the end of July, the elections were completed. Strangely enough’ even Jinnah’s Muslim League participated in the elections, despites its grumbling and unnecessary wrangling. The total number of Congress Members were 205 & that of the Muslim League was 73.
4)Apprehending dominating majority of the Congress in the Constituent Assembly which could enable it to take any decision it might think proper and desirable, the League decided to withdraw its previous support to the Cabinet Mission Plan.Hence the Muslim League rejected the proposals of the Cabinet Mission on July 29, 1946 and resolved to Direct Action on August 16, 1946 to achieve its cherished goal of Pakistan.
5)The Viceroy invited both the Congress & the League to form the Interim Government.The Congress Working Commitee accepted the Viceroy's proposal,formed a Government & acted as a team. At first the League did not agree to join,but later it formed the Interim Government to create problems in the working of the Assembly.
6)Prime Minister Attlee made a last minute bid to save the situation by inviting two representatives each of the Congress and the Muslim League and also a Sikh member of the Interim Government to London for solving the deadlock over proposed move of non-attendance of the meetings of the Constituent Assembly.
7)The Congress Working Committee and the A.I.C.C. were not happy over such an interpretation of the British Government which was in their opinion contrary to the original plan, yet they proceded with the work of the AssemblyThe members drawn from Muslim League absented. Even Nehru's earnest appeal could not make the Muslim League participate.
8)Hence, Attlee took a clear cut decision. Hence, Wavell was replaced by Lord Mountbatten & the mission came to an end.