explain the figures of speech full
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Types of Figures of Speech
There are many different types of figures of speech. Two that are closely related are similes and metaphors. A simile is a comparison between two objects using the words 'like,' 'as,' 'seems' or 'appears.' Look at the following example: 'My dog is like a tornado; she dashes through the house, destroying everything she touches.'
The first part contains the simile: the dog is being compared to a tornado. The second part explains the comparison. The dog is like a tornado because she destroys things wherever she goes. The use of the simile gives a better picture of the dog and adds some color to the description.
A metaphor, then, is a comparison between two objects without using the words listed above. Metaphors are usually stated as one object is another object. Look at the following poem by Emily Dickinson:
'Presentiment - is that long shadow - on the lawn -
Indicative that Suns go down -
The notice to the startled Grass
That Darkness - is about to pass -'
In this poem, Dickinson states that presentiment is a shadow. Is presentiment, which means foreboding or anxiety, literally a shadow? Of course not. Dickinson makes the comparison to give a better description of how anxiety can creep up on a person and cause fear.
Another common figure of speech is a pun. A pun is a manipulating word that has more than one meaning or that sounds like other words. For example: 'I'm reading a book about mazes; I got lost in it.'
The play on words here is the use of the word 'lost.' Getting lost in a good book means the reader is so absorbed in the story that he can hardly take his eyes off the page. The joke in this pun is the reader is looking at a book of mazes, which of course are designed to make the reader get lost. Puns are usually used in a humorous way.
A third type of figure of speech is personification. Personification occurs when the author or speaker gives human characteristics to non-human objects. Personification is similar to similes and metaphors in that it basically compares some inhuman object to a person. For example: 'The trees scream in the raging wind.'
Can trees actually scream? No, that is a human trait. So the use of personification here gives a better description of the sound trees make in strong winds.