Explain the five groups that microorganisms are classified into.
Answers
Answer:
Viruses, Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, and Protists.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Viruses are the smallest of all the microbes. Their genome is made of either DNA or RNA (not both), and this is packaged inside a protein shell called a capsid. They are not made of cells (acellular), cannot make their own proteins and don’t grow.
Bacteria and Archaea are prokaryotes.They are single cells (unicellular) with a circular DNA genome that floats around in the cytoplasm. Many prokaryotes have one or more smaller circles of DNA called plasmids that carry additional genes. Bacteria and archaea have a very similar cell structure .
Bacterial cells are mostly circular (coccus, plural cocci) or rod-shaped (bacillus, plural bacilli), but a few have spiral or corkscrew shapes. Another defining features is the use of peptidoglycan as a component of their cell walls. You almost certainly have millions of Escherichia coli bacteria
in your lower intestine.
Archaea look similar in size and structure to bacteria but come in a wider variety of cell shapes. Many archaea live in hostile environments, some interact with other organisms, but no archaea are known to cause disease. Unlike bacteria, they do not have peptidoglycan in their cell walls.
The eukaryotes include protists, fungi, plants and animals. The defining feature of a eukaryotic cell is that it has a nucleus in which the linear DNA genome is packaged into one or multiple chromosomes. Eukaryotic cells also contain multiple membrane-bound organelles, including mitochondria, that are not found in prokaryotic cells.