Question

Explain the floral characteristics of plant family Solanaceae

Write its floral formula also.​

Answer 1

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It is a large family commonly called as potato family.

Vegetative Characters

Stem: herbaceous rarely woody, aerial, erect, cylindrical, branched, solid or hollow, hairy or glabrous, underground stem in potato.

Leaves: alternate, simple, rarely pinnately compound, exstipulate; reticulate venation.

Floral Characters

Inflorescence: Solitary, axillary or cymose as in Solanum.

Flower: bisexual, actinomorphic.

Calyx: sepals five, united persistent, valvate aestivation.

Corolla:petals five, united, valvate aestivation.

Androecium: stamens five, epipetalous.

Gynoecium:bicarpellary, syncarpous; superior ovary, bilocular, placenta swollen with many ovules.

Fruits: berry or capsule.

Seeds: Many, endospermous

Floral formula:

Economic Importance:-

Medicinal plants:-belladonna, ashwagandha, datura(stramonium leaves dried and used as asthma medicine).

Food plants:-various vegetables like the tomato, potato, brinjal etc are belongs to this family.

Spice:-Chili.

Tobacco plants which a source of alkaloid nicotine belongs to this family.

Ornamentals:-Petunia is well known for its different colored flowers.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

Solanaceae:

Angiosperms belong to the family Solanaceae. It's also referred to as the "potato family." It is extensively dispersed around the planet in temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions. Numerous spices, calming plants, food crops, etc. are included. The family Solanaceae includes plants including potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, and eggplant.

The Solanaceae family's floral characteristics are as follows:

• Racemose, typically axial rather than terminal, inflorescence
• Flower: There are zygomorphic and bisexual flowers.
• Five gamosepalous sepals make up the calyx, which has an imbricate aestivation.
• Corolla: Polypetalous with five petals and vexillary aestivation.
• Its ten diadelphous and dithecous anthers make up the androecium.
• Gynoecium: A superior unilocular monocarpellary ovary with marginal placentation.
• Legume fruit with non-endospermic seeds.

Floral Formula:

A floral formula is a symbolic depiction of various floral components, their quantities, patterns of arrangement, and relationships between them. The Solanaceae family's standard floral formula is as follows:

Here the symbols represent:

1. ⊕ Represents Actinomorphic (radial symmetry).
2. ⚥ Represents Bisexual
3. $K_{5}$ indicates Calyx – 5 sepals, gamosepalous (united)
4. $C_{5}$ indicates Corolla – 5 petals, gamopetalous.
5.  $A_{5}$ indicates Androecium – 5 stamens, polyandrous (free), epipetalous (attached to petals)
6. $G_{2}$ indicates Gynoecium – bicarpellary, syncarpous (united), superior ovary.

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