Question

Explain the following characteristics of an Op-Amp :


(i) Common mode rejection ratio

(ii) Slew rate​

Answer 1

Answer:

(i) Common mode rejection ratio:

The CMRR in an operational amplifier is a common mode rejection ratio. Generally, the op amp as two input terminals which are positive and negative terminals and the two inputs are applied at the same point. This will give the opposite polarity signals at the output. Hence the positive and the negative voltage of the terminals will cancel out and it will give the resultant output voltage. The ideal op amp will have the infinite CMRR and with the finite differential gain and zero common mode gain.

(ii) Slew rate​:

Slew rate is the maximum rate of voltage change that can be generated by the op-amp’s output circuitry. It is measured as voltage relative to time, and the typical unit used in datasheets is volts per microsecond (V/µs).

Let’s say you have an op-amp and apply an input signal that would, in an ideal environment, generate an output signal with a slope of 10 V/µs. If the slew rate of the op-amp is 2 V/µs, the output signal will reflect the slewing behavior of the op-amp rather than the expected output signal. When the op-amp is in this “slew-rate-limited” state, the output is a linear ramp with a slope equal to the slew rate:

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

The op amp common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is the ratio of the common-mode gain to differential-mode gain. For example, if a differential input change of Y volts produces a change of 1 V at the output, and a common-mode change of X volts produces a similar change of 1 V, then the CMRR is X/Y.

The Slew Rate of an op amp describes how fast the output voltage can change in response to an immediate change in voltage at the input. The higher the value (in V/µs) of slew rate, the faster the output can change and the more easily it can reproduce high frequency signals.