Explain the following commands with their syntax.
(a) CHKDSK
Answers
Answer:
CHKDSK is a Windows utility that can check the integrity of your hard disk and can fix various file system errors. CHKDSK (or chkdsk.exe) is short for “check disk”.
Chkdsk Command Syntax
chkdsk [volume:] [/F] [/V] [/R] [/X] [/I] [/C] [/L:size] [/perf] [/scan] [/?]
Chkdsk Command Options
volume: This is the drive letter of the partition for which you want to check for errors.
/F This chkdsk command option will fix any errors found on the disk.
/V Use this chkdsk option on a FAT or FAT32 volume to show the full path and name of every file on the disk. If used on an NTFS volume, it will show cleanup messages (if there are any).
/R This option tells chkdsk to locate bad sectors and recover any readable information from them. This option implies /F when /scan is not specified.
/X This command option implies /F and will force a dismount of the volume if necessary.
/I This option will perform a less vigorous chkdsk command by instructing the command to run faster by skipping over certain regular checks.
/C Same as /I but skips over cycles within the folder structure to reduce the amount of time that the chkdsk command runs.
/L:size Use this chkdsk command option to change the size (in KB) of the log file. The default log file size for chkdsk is 65536 KB; you can check the current log file size by executing /L without the "size" option.
/perf This option allows chkdsk to run faster by using more system resources. It has to be used with /scan.
/scan This chkdsk option runs an online scan on an NTFS volume but does not try to repair it. Here, "online" means that the volume does not need to be dismounted, but can instead remain online/active. This is true for both internal and external hard drives; you can continue using them throughout the course of the scan.
/spotfix This chkdsk option dismounts the volume only briefly in order to fix issues that were sent to the log file.
/? Use the help switch with the chkdsk command to show detailed help about the commands listed above and other options you can use with chkdsk.
Explanation: