Question

• Explain the following features of the constitution

a. Federalism

b. Separation of power

c. Fundamental rights

d. Parliamentary form of government

e. Secularism.

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Answer 1

Answer:

Federalism

Federalism is a prime feature of the Indian constitution, and it refers to the existence of more than one level of government in the country. The constitution clearly defines the limits of powers at each stage. In India, there are governments at the state and the centre, and Panchayati Raj is the third tier of the government.

While each stage in India enjoys autonomy in exercising power on certain issues, they are all bound to follow the laws of the central government in matters of national concern.

Parliamentary Form of Government

It is the other feature of Indian Constitution which provides that the different tiers of government shall constitute of the representatives elected by the people. It also guarantees universal adult suffrage (right to vote) for all citizens.

Separation of Powers

The constitution of India recommends three organs of the state - The legislature, the executive, and the judiciary.

The legislature refers to our elected representatives whereas the executive refers to a small group of people who are responsible for implementing laws and running the government. The judiciary refers to the system of courts in the country to stop the misuse of power by any branch of the country. It also ensures the balance of power between all the three organs of the government.

Fundamental Rights

The feature of fundamental rights is the ‘conscience’ of the Indian constitution. These rights protect citizens against the arbitrary and absolute exercise of power by the government as well as against other individuals.

Secularism

It is a key feature of the Indian constitution, and defines a secular state as one in which the state does not officially promote any one religion as the country's official religion.