Question

Explain the following giving examples.

(a) Saturated solution

(b) Pure substance

(c) Colloid

(d) suspension​

Answer 1

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${\blue{\sf\underline{Saturated\:solution:}}}$ It is that state in a solution at a specific temperature when a solvent is no more soluble without an increase in the temperature. Example: Excess carbon leaves off as bubbles from a carbonated water solution saturated with carbon.

${\pink{\sf\underline{Pure\:substance:}}}$ A substance is said to be pure when it comprises of only one kind of molecules, atoms or compounds without adulteration with any other substance or any divergence in the structural arrangement. Example: Sulphur, diamonds

${\blue{\sf\underline{Colloid:}}}$A Colloid is an intermediate between solution and suspension. It has particles of various sizes, that ranges between 2 to 1000 nanometers. Colloids can be distinguished from solutions using the Tyndall effect. Tyndall effect is defined as the scattering of light (light beam) through a colloidal solution. Example: Milk, gelatin.

${\pink{\sf\underline{Suspension:}}}$It is a heterogeneous mixture that comprises of solute particles that are insoluble but are suspended in the medium. These particles that are suspended are not microscopic but visible to bare eyes and are large enough (usually larger than a micrometre) to undergo sedimentation.

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Answer 2

Answer:

(a) Saturated solution -The term saturated solution is used in chemistry to define a solution in which no more solute can be dissolved in the solvent. It is understood that saturation of the solution has been achieved when any additional substance that is added results in a solid precipitate or is let off as a gas.

(b) Pure substance - Pure substances are defined as substances that are made of only one type of atom or only one type of molecule (a group of atoms bonded together). The measure of whether a substance is pure is known as purity

(c) Colloid -In chemistry, a colloid is a phase separated mixture in which one substance of microscopically dispersed insoluble or soluble particles is suspended throughout another substance. Sometimes the dispersed substance alone is called the colloid; the term colloidal suspension refers unambiguously to the overall mixture.

(d) suspension​ -A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which solute-like particles settle out of a solvent-like phase sometime after their introduction. We use the terms 'solute-like' and 'solvent-like' because we are dealing with a heterogeneous mixture, while the terms solute and solvent refer to homogeneous solutions.