Question

Explain the following-
(i) Capture fishing
(ii) Mariculture
(iii) Aquaculture

Answer 1

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( i ) Capture fishery refers to all kinds of harvesting of naturally occurring living resources in both marine and freshwater environments. Source: GreenFacts. More: On a broad level, capture fisheries can be classified as industrial, small-scale/artisanal and recreational.

( ii ) Mariculture is a specialized branch of aquaculture involving the cultivation of marine organisms for food and other products in the open ocean, an enclosed section of the ocean, or in tanks, ponds or raceways which are filled with seawater. It is commonly known as marine farming also. An example of the latter is the farming of marine fish, including finfish and shellfish like prawns, or oysters and seaweed in saltwater ponds. Non-food products produced by mariculture include: fish meal, nutrient agar, jewellery (e.g. cultured pearls), and cosmetics.

( iii ) Aquaculture (less commonly spelled aquiculture), also known as aquafarming, is the farming of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic plants, algae, and other organisms. Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish. Mariculture commonly known as marine farming refers to aquaculture practiced in marine environments and in underwater habitats.