Explain the following on the basis of kinetic theory
of matter.
(a) Solids have a definite volume and definite
shape.
(b) Liquids have a definite volume, but no definite
shape.
(c) Gases have a no definite volume and no
definite shape
Answers
Answer:
(a) Solids have a definite volume and definite shape.
The particles that make up a solid are packed very closely together. In addition, each particle is tightly fixed in one position. This fixed, closely packed arrangement of particles causes a solid to have a definite shape and volume.
(b) Liquids have a definite volume, but no definite shape.
Liquid molecules are also packed closely together, but there is enough space between the molecules to allow them to slide past each other. This sliding action prevents the liquid from taking a shape of its own. As a result, liquids take the shape of the container that holds them.
(c) Gases have a no definite volume and no definite shape.
Gas molecules have either very weak bonds or no bonds at all, so they can move freely and quickly. Because of this, not only will a gas conform to the shape of its container, it will also expand to completely fill the container. Gas molecules have enough kinetic energy such that the effect of intermolecular forces is small (or zero, for an ideal gas), and they are spaced very far apart from each other; the typical distance between neighbouring molecules is much greater than the size of the molecules themselves.
Answer:
Kinetic energy : It is the energy possessed by the particles due to their motion. The particles of a gas have maximum kinetic energy due to free motion of gas particles in all directions. Solids have minimum kinetic energy due to least movement of particles.
Any matter that is a solid has adefinite shapeand a definite volume. The molecules in a solidare in fixedpositions and are close together. Although the molecules can still vibrate, they cannot move from one part of the solid to another part. As a result, a solid does not easily change its shape or its volume.
Explanation: