Question

Explain the formation of covalent bond taking the example of methane and write the electron dot structure of methane

Answer 1

Explanation:

Carbon will share 1 electron from all the Hydrogen atoms to complete its octet. All the Hydrogen atoms will share 1 electron from Carbon to fulfill their duplet.

Answer 2

Covalent bond is a type of bond that forms when atoms of the same or different elements join by mutual sharing of electrons.

Explanation:

• Example: Formation of single covalent bond in chlorine molecule: Single covalent bond is formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms.
• The cross represents the electrons of methane while the dots represent the electrons of hydrogen.
• Carbon shares a total of 4 electrons, 1 with each hydrogen and all 4 hydrogens share their 1 electron with carbon.
• Therefore, covalent bonding is present in the methane molecule.
• Methane is formed by $sp^{3}$ hybridization.
• In a $CH_{4}$ molecule, the central carbon atom is bonded to four hydrogen atoms.