explain the formation of Na2O by the transfer of electrons?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation: (1. The atomic number of sodium is 11 and it has only one valence electron.
(2.Hence, electronic configuration of 11Na is 2, 8, 1.
(3.The atomic number of oxygen is 8 and it has 6 electrons in its valence shell.
(4.Hence, electronic configuration of 8O is 2, 6.
Sodium has a tendency to lose the valence electron and oxygen has a tendency to gain the electron lost by sodium. Since sodium can lose only one electron of the valence shell and oxygen atom needs two electrons to complete its octet in the valence shell, two atoms of sodium combine with one atom of oxygen. By losing valence electron, sodium is changed into Na+ and by gaining two electrons lost by two sodium atoms, oxygen atom is changed into an oxide anion, O2-. In this process, both the atoms, sodium and oxygen, obtain the stable electronic configuration of the noble gas neon.
Na₂,₈,₁ ------ Na₂,₈ ⁺ + e⁻
O₂,₆ + 2e⁻ ------- O²⁻₂,₈
2Na ⁺ + O²⁻ ------- 2Na ⁺ O²⁻ or Na₂O
The oppositely charged sodium ion, Na+ and oxide ion, O2- are now held together by electrostatic forces of attraction or by ionic or electrovalent bond. Na2O is, therefore, an ionic or electrovalent compound.