explain the formation of scum when hard water is treated with soap.....
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When a soap is used in hard water, a solid substance we call scum forms. This is because charged calcium and magnesium particles (called ions ) present in the water react with soap to form an insoluble substance. The new substance, scum, does not dissolve in water.
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Hard water often contains salts of calcium and magnesium. Soap molecules react with the salts of calcium and magnesium and form a precipitate. This precipitate begins floating as an off-white layer over water. This layer is called scum. Soaps lose their cleansing property in hard water because of formation of scum.
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