Question

Explain the formation of sodium chloride and calcium oxide on the basis of the concept ofelectron transfer from one atom to another atom.

Answer 1

A. Formation of sodium chloride (NaCl):
1. Sodium chloride is formed from the elements sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl).
2. When sodium (Na) atom loses one electron to get octet electron configuration, it
forms action (Na+
)
3. Now Na+
gets electron configuration that of Neon (Ne) atom.
Na →Na+
e-
4. Chlorine, has storage of one electron to get octet in its valence shell.
5. So, it gains the electron that was lost by Na to form anion and gets electron
configuration of Argon(Ar)
Cl + e-
→ Cl
-
6. Transfer of electrons between Na and Cl atoms, results in the formation of Na+
and
Cl
-
ions.
7. These oppositely charged ions get attracted towards each other due to electrostatic
forces and forms the compound sodium chloride (Nacl)
Na+
+ Cl
- → NaCl
Formation of Calcium Oxide (CaO):
1. Calcium (Ca) reacts with Oxygen (O) to from an ionic compound calcium
Oxide(CaO).
2. Calcium atomic number is 20. Its electronic configuration is 3. 8, 8, 2.
3. Ca→ Ca+2 + 2e-
i.e., calcium losses 2e-
and becomes Ca+2.
4. Oxygen atomic number is 8. Its electronic configuration is 2, 6.
5. 2
2e O O− ⎯⎯⎯−→ i.e., Oxygen 2e-
and becomes O-2.
6. These oppositely charged ions gets attracted towards each other due to electrostatic
forces and form the compound calcium Oxide (CaO)
Ca+2 + O-2 → CaO