Question

Explain the formation of sodium chloride with help of electron -dot structure (At numbers: Na-
11, CI-17)​

Answer 1

• Lewis postulated that atoms achieve the stable octet when they are linked by chemical bonds.
• The dots represent electrons. Such
• structures are referred to as Lewis dot structures.
• The negative and positive ions are

stabilized by electrostatic attraction.

• For example,
• The formation of NaCl from sodium and chlorine,
• Na → Na+ + e–

[Ne] 3s1. [Ne]

• Cl + e– → Cl–

[Ne] 3s²3p⁵. [Ne] 3s3p⁶or [Ar]

• Na+ + Cl–. → NaCl or Na+Cl–

Finally NaCl obtained.

Lewis dot structure shown in the picture.

Answer 2

• Sodium contains one valence electron in its outermost shell.
• Chlorine contains seven valence electrons in its outermost shell.
• As Chlorine has more valence electrons than sodium, there is a transfer of one electron from sodium to chlorine to form a stable state(octet state).
• Now chlorine gains an electron and obtains a negative sign whereas, sodium donates an electron gains a positive sign.
• Opposite charge attracts to form a chemical bond.
• Lewis dot structure can be given as mentioned in the image below: