Question

explain the formation of stationary waves in stretched strings nd hence deduce the laws of transverse waves in stretched strings​

Answer 1

Answer:

formation of stationary waves

THEORY: Standing waves can be produced when two waves of identical wavelength, velocity, and amplitude are traveling in opposite directions through the same medium. Standing waves can be established using a stretched string to create a train of waves, set up by a vibrating body, and reflected at the end of the string

Answer 2

Explanation:

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Study Material»IIT JEE Physics»Wave Motion»Stationary waves

Stationary Waves

Nodes and Anti-Nodes

When two progressive waves of same amplitude and wavelength travelling along a straight line in opposite directions superimpose on each other, stationary waves are formed.

Analytical method

Let us consider a progressive wave of amplitude a and wavelength λ travelling in the direction of X axis.

y1 = a sin 2π [t/T – x/λ] …... (1)

This wave is reflected from a free end and it travels in the negative direction of X axis, then

y2 = a sin 2π [t/T + x/λ] …... (2)

According to principle of superposition, the resultant displacement is,

Standing Wave

y = y1+y2

= a [sin 2π (t/T – x/λ) + sin 2π (t/T + x/λ)]

= a [2sin (2πt/T) cos (2πx/λ)]

So, y = 2a cos (2πx/λ) sin (2πt/T) …... (3)

This is the equation of a stationary wave.

(a) At points where x = 0, λ/2, λ, 3λ/2, the values of cos 2πx/λ = ±1

∴ A = + 2a. At these points the resultant amplitude is maximum. They are called antinodes as shown in figure.

(b) At points where x = λ/4, 3λ/4, 5λ/4..... the values of cos 2πx/λ = 0.

∴ A = 0. The resultant amplitude is zero at these points. They are called nodes.