Question

explain the formula of electrolysis of common salt?

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Answer 1

As we have covered, electrolysis is the passage of a direct electric current through an ionic substance that is either molten or dissolved in a suitable solvent. This results in chemical reactions at the electrodes and the separation of materials. Two commonly used methods of electrolysis involve molten sodium chloride and aqueous sodium chloride. You might think that both methods would give you the same products, but this not the case. Let’s go through each of the methods to understand the different processes.

Answer 2

Answer:

Here it is:

2NaCl + 2 H2 O → 2NaOH + H2 + Cl2

The left hand side represents the reactants; common salt dissolved in water to form brine.

The right hand side represents the products:

NaOH(sodium hydroxide solution) in the catholytic section(the cathodic solution)

Hydrogen gas which is given off at the cathode.

Chlorine gas is given off at the anode.

The anolytic solution(the solution around the anode) is a function of temperature. Below 60o C, hypochlorites ( OCl− ) are formed. While above that temperature, chlorates ( ClO−3 ) are formed

Essentially, the electrolysis of brine gives sodium hydroxide(caustic soda) , hydrogen gas, chlorine gas and hypochlorites or chlorates depending on the temperature.

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