Question

explain the four steps of the process briefly​

Answer 1

Steps :-

i. Setting performance standards: The first step in the controlling process is setting up of performance standards. Standards are the criteria against which actual performance would be measured. Standards can be set in both quantitative as well as qualitative terms.

ii. Measurement of Actual Performance: Once performance standards are set, the next step is measurement of actual performance. It is generally believed that measurement should be done after the task is completed.

iii. Comparing actual performance with standards: This step involves comparison of actual performance with the standard. Such comparison will reveal the deviation between actual and desired results. Comparison becomes easier when standards are set in quantitative terms.

iv. Analysing deviations: Some deviation in performance can be expected in all activities. After identifying the deviations that demand managerial attention, these deviations need to be analysed for their causes. These causes may be unrealistic standards, defective process, inadequacy of resources, structural drawbacks etc. It is necessary to identify the exact cause of deviation, failing which an appropriate corrective action might not be possible.

v. Taking corrective action: The final step in the controlling process is taking corrective action. No corrective action is required when the deviations are within acceptable limits. When the deviations go beyond the acceptable range, it demands immediate managerial attention. Corrective action might involve training of employees if the production target could not be met.

Answer 2

Answer:

• Establishing standards and methods for measuring performance. Measuring performance. Determining whether performance matches the standard. Taking corrective action.