Question

explain the functioning of nephrons​

Answer 1

BRAINLIEST ❤️

Ultrafiltration: During the process, the useful substances like water, glucose, amino acids, NaCl and urea get filtered through glomerular membrane. The efferent arteriole has a smaller diameter than the afferent arteriole. Because of this, a high hydrostatic pressure is developed inside the glomerulus which leads to the filtration of the above mentioned substances. The resulting filtrate is called glomerular filtrate.

Selective Reabsorption: Soon after the ultrafiltration, some useful substances are reabsorbed through the PCT. The structure of PCT is such that it increases the surface area for absorption of the filtrate. Glucose, A.A, and salts are reabsorbed against the concentration gradient. Hence, it gets energy through ATP via active transport.

Tubular secretion: This is the final stage of the whole process which is contrary to the process of selective reabsorption. It adds substances to the tubular fluid for their removal altogether. The secreted substance includes K+, H+, NH4+, creatinine, urea, some hormones, and some drugs (penicillin). These substances are entirely termed as urine.

Answer 2

ᴀ ɴᴇᴩʜʀᴏɴ ɪꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴀꜱɪᴄ ᴜɴɪᴛ ᴏꜰ ꜱᴛʀᴜᴄᴛᴜʀᴇ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴋɪᴅɴᴇy. ᴀ ɴᴇᴩʜʀᴏɴ ɪꜱ ᴜꜱᴇᴅ ꜱᴇᴩᴀʀᴀᴛᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ, ɪᴏɴꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ꜱᴍᴀʟʟ ᴍᴏʟᴇᴄᴜʟᴇꜱ ꜰʀᴏᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ʙʟᴏᴏᴅ, ꜰɪʟᴛᴇʀ ᴏᴜᴛ ᴡᴀꜱᴛᴇꜱ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛᴏxɪɴꜱ, ᴀɴᴅ ʀᴇᴛᴜʀɴ ɴᴇᴇᴅᴇᴅ ᴍᴏʟᴇᴄᴜʟᴇꜱ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ʙʟᴏᴏᴅ. ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴇᴩʜʀᴏɴ ꜰᴜɴᴄᴛɪᴏɴꜱ ᴛʜʀᴏᴜɢʜ ᴜʟᴛʀᴀꜰɪʟᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ.