Explain the great contribution of Indian Culture and Folklore in the Nationalist Movement of India.
(5 marks)
Answers
Answer:
(i) Image of Bharat Mata: The identity of nation was symbolised in an image.Rabindranath painted the famous image of Bharat-Mata. Devotion to this mother figure came to be seen as an evidence of one’s nationalism.
(ii) Folklore: Nationalists toured villages to gather folk tales. These tales gave a true picture of one’s national identity and helped in restoring a sense of pride in one’s past.
(iii) Icon and Symbols: Nationalist leaders used icons and symbols to unite the people and create in them a feeling of nationalism.
(iv) Reinterpretation of History: Another means of creating a feeling of nationalism was through reinterpretation of history. By the end of the 19th century many Indians began feeling that to instill a sense of pride in the
nation, Indian history had to be thought about differently. The British saw Indians as backward and primitive, incapable of governing themselves. In response, Indians began looking into the past to discover India’s great
achievements. They wrote about the glorious developments in ancient times when art and Architecture, Science and Mathematics, religions and culture,law and philosophy, crafts and trade had flourished. Thus glorious period, in their view, was followed by a history of decline, when India was colonised.These nationalist histories urged the readers to take pride in India’s great achievements in the past and struggle to change the miserable conditions of
life under the British rule.
Examples:
• During the Swedeshi movement a tri colour flag was designed.
• In 1921, Gandhiji designed the Swaraj flag carrying the flag during protest marches became a symbol of defiance.
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Explanation:
Answer:
The folklore of India compasses the folklore of the nation of India and the Indian subcontinent. India is an ethnically and religiously diverse country. Given this diversity, it is difficult to generalize widely about the folklore of India as a unit.
Although India is a Hindu-majority country, with more than three-fourths of the population identifying themselves as Hindus, there is no single, unified, and all-pervading concept of identity present in it. It is because of the flexible nature of Hinduism which allows various heterogeneous traditions, numerous regional cultures and even different religions to grow and flourish. Folk religion in Hinduism may explain the rationale behind local religious practices, and contain local myths that explain the existence of local religious customs or the rituals. These sorts of local variation have a higher status in Hinduism than comparable customs would have in religions such as Christianity or Islam. However, folklore as currently understood goes beyond religious or supernatural beliefs and practices, and compasses the entire body of social tradition whose chief vehicle of transmission is oral or outside institutional channels.