Explain the ideology of Indian National Congress.
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The Indian National Congress (About this soundpronunciation (help·info); often called the Congress Party or simply Congress, abbr. INC) is a political party in India with widespread roots.[20] Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa.[a][21] From the late 19th century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement.[22] Congress led India to independence from Great Britain,[b][23][c][24] and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.[d][21]
Indian National Congress
Hand INC.svg
Abbreviation
INC
President
Sonia Gandhi (Interim)
Presidium
Congress Working Committee[1]
Parliamentary Chairperson
Sonia Gandhi[2]
Lok Sabha leader
Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury[3]
Rajya Sabha leader
Ghulam Nabi Azad
(Leader of the Opposition)[4]
Founder
Allan Octavian Hume
William Wedderburn
W. C. Bonnerjee
Surendranath Banerjee
Monomohun Ghose
Lalmohan Ghosh
Badruddin Tyabji
M. G. Ranade
Dadabhai Naoroji
Dinshaw Wacha
Pherozeshah Mehta
Founded
28 December 1885 (135 years ago)
Headquarters
24, Akbar Road, New Delhi-110001[5]
Newspaper
Congress Sandesh
National Herald
Student wing
National Students Union of India
Youth wing
Indian Youth Congress
Women's wing
All India Mahila Congress
Labour wing
Indian National Trade Union Congress
Membership
20 million[6]
Ideology
Big tent[7][8]
Social democracy[7][9]
Social liberalism[10]
Civic nationalism[10]
Secularism[11][7]
Political position
Centre[12] to centre-left[13]
International affiliation
Progressive Alliance[14]
Socialist International[15]
Colours
Sky blue[16][17]
ECI Status
National Party[18]
Alliance
United Progressive Alliance
(All India)
Democratic Progressive Alliance
(Tamil Nadu)
Maha Vikas Aghadi
(Maharashtra)
Mahagathbandhan
(Bihar)
Mahagathbandhan
(Jharkhand)
Secular Progressive Front
(Manipur)
United Democratic Front
(Kerala)
Seats in Lok Sabha
51 / 543
(currently 541 members and 2 vacancies)
Seats in Rajya Sabha
37 / 245
(currently 240 members and 5 vacancies)[19]
Seats in State Legislative Assemblies
784 / 4,036
(currently 4012 members and 24 vacancies)
(see complete list)
Seats in State Legislative Councils
46 / 426
(currently 390 members and 36 vacancies)
(see complete list)
Number of states and union territories in government
6 / 31
(currently 28 states and 2 union territories)
Website
https://www.inc.in/en
Politics of India
Political parties
Elections
Congress is one of the two major political parties in India, along with the Bharatiya Janata Party.[25] Congress is a "big tent" party whose social democratic platform is generally considered in the centre to centre-left of Indian politics.[7][13] Congress social policy is based upon the Gandhian principle of Sarvodaya–the lifting up of all sections of society–which involves the improvement of the lives of economically underprivileged and socially marginalised people.[26][27] On social and economic issues, it advocates social justice, equality, welfare state, along with secular society.[10][9]
After India's independence in 1947, Congress formed the union government of India and many state governments of India.[28] Congress became India's dominant political party; as of 2019, in the 17 general elections since independence, it has won an outright majority on seven occasions and has led the ruling coalition a further three times, heading the central government for more than 54 years. There have been six Congress Prime Ministers, the first being Jawaharlal Nehru (1947–1964), and the most recent Manmohan Singh (2004–2014). Although it did not fare well in the last two general elections in India in 2014 and 2019, it remains one of two major, nationwide, political parties in India, along with the right-wing, Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).[e][29] In the 2014 general election, Congress had its poorest post-independence general election performance, winning only 44 seats of the 543-member Lok Sabha—the lower house of the Parliament of India.
From 2004 to 2014, United Progressive Alliance, a coalition of Congress with several regional parties, formed the Indian government led by Manmohan Singh, the Prime Minister as the head of the coalition government. The leader of the party during the period, Sonia Gandhi has served the longest term as the president of the party. As of July 2019, the party is in power in six legislative assemblies: Punjab, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Maharashtra (as part of the Maha Vikas Aghadi), and the union territory of Puducherry (in an alliance with Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam).