Question

explain the importance of gel electrophoresis in RDT.
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Answer 1

Gel electrophoresis. Gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate DNA fragments (or other macromolecules, such as RNA and proteins) based on their size and charge. ... All DNA molecules have the same amount of charge per mass. Because of this, gel electrophoresis of DNA fragments separates them based on size only.

Answer 2

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Here is your answer -

Gel electrophoresis is used to isolate, identify, and characterize properties of DNA fragments in many different situations and at many different points during the cloning process. A small amount of DNA can be loaded into a well at one end of a gel in an apparatus that allows a current to be run through the gel. Because DNA is negatively charged, it will migrate to the cathode (the positive charge) and away from the anode (the negative charge). In most types of gels, the mobility of a DNA fragment in an electric field is inversely proportional to the logarithm of the number of base pairs (up to a certain limit). Thus, smaller fragments of DNA can move faster than larger fragments, and gel electrophoresis can isolate fragments of DNA based on size. A DNA ladder—DNA that has been digested, producing fragments with known base pair sizes—should be run next to unknown DNA samples so that the sizes of the unknown samples can be determined.

After creating smaller fragments of DNA from the source DNA, the length and purity of those DNA molecules can be determined using gel electrophoresis (Figure 9.5). The appearance of the DNA bands in the gel can indicate the purity of DNA fragments in a sample. For example, if an investigator believes he or she only has two fragments of DNA in a sample but finds several bands of DNA after electrophoresis, the sample may have been contaminated by other DNA.