Explain the Indian soils in detail.
Or
Classify the Indian soils on the basis of physical structure and colour.
Or
Indian soils show variations on regional basis, how? Explain.
Or
Indian soils are controlled by their forming factors. Explain.
Answers
Explanation:
Soils of India
One of the main regions to study the various types of soil in India is to understand how it affects the biodiversity of a region. let us take a look at some of the major types of soil we find in India.
Alluvial Soil
These are fertile soil deposited by rivers on and near their banks. These soils are majorly found in the northern plains of the country. The most fertile alluvial soil is found in the Ganga valley, where it is deposited by river Ganges. These soils cover almost 35-40% of the region of India.
These soils are rich in minerals especially potash. They are a dark shade of grey and are extremely suitable for agriculture. Some dark black alluvial soil can also be found in coastal areas.
Black Soil
Black Soil are characterized by their deep black colour. Their composition has a large amount of clay. This helps the black soil retain water, making them ideal for crops that require water year round. This also gives them a unique self-ploughing ability.
These soil are rich in lime, iron and magnesia. They are mainly found in the Deccan Plateau in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat etc. They are also known as Black Cotton Soil, since cotton grows exclusively in black soil, and is one of the main cash crops in India.
Red Soil and Yellow Soil
These distinct soils are named after their hues. Red soil gets its colour from the iron found in its composition in a crystallized form. The soil takes on a yellow colour when it is hydrated. These soils are generally found in the Western Ghats,
Answer:
Soil is formed through the process of weathering. Weathering is a process of physical breakdown and chemical decomposition of rocks and minerals near or at the surface of the earth. This physical and chemical decomposition is primarily done by wind, water, and climate. As a result of these processes, large rock pieces are converted into smaller pieces and eventually to soil.