Explain the industrial applications of the fractional distillation technique. Describe the separation fractional distillation method and results of the separation?
Answers
Application : Fractional distillation is used for the purification of water as well as separating acetone and water. Fractional distillation is used in several industries like oil refineries and chemical plants mainly for purification and separation of many organic compounds.
Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature at which one or more fractions of the mixture will vaporize. It uses distillation to fractionate.
Process : In its simplest form this procedure results in a separation into a volatile fraction collected in the receiver flask and a nonvolatile residue in the distillation flask. When a distillation column is incorporated in the equipment (Figure 2), the evaporation and condensation processes occur continuously.