Explain the Industrial revolution
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What Was the Industrial Revolution?
The Industrial Revolution was a period of major industrialization and innovation that took place during the late 1700s and early 1800s. The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain and quickly spread throughout the world.
The American Industrial Revolution commonly referred to as the second Industrial Revolution, started sometime between 1820 and 1870. This period saw the mechanization of agriculture and textile manufacturing as well as a revolution in power, including steamships and railroads, that affected social, cultural, and economic conditions.
Key Takeaways
The American Industrial Revolution commonly referred to as the second Industrial Revolution, started sometime between 1820 and 1870.
The Industrial Revolution led to inventions that included the telephone, the sewing machine, X-ray, lightbulb, and the combustible engine.
The increase in the number of factories and migration to the cities led to pollution, deplorable working and living conditions, as well as child labor.
Understanding the Industrial Revolution
Although the Industrial Revolution occurred approximately 200 years ago, it is a period that left a profound impact on how people lived and the way businesses operated. Arguably, the factory systems developed during the Industrial Revolution are responsible for the creation of capitalism and the modern cities of today.
Before the revolution, most Americans made their living farming and lived in widespread rural communities. With the advance of factories, people began working for companies located in urban areas for the first time. Often the wages were low, and conditions were harsh. However, working for businesses paid a better living than farming.
Production efficiency improved during the Industrial Revolution with inventions such as the steam engine. The steam engine dramatically reduced the time it took to manufacture products. More efficient production subsequently reduced prices for products—primarily due to lower labor costs—opening the marketing doors to a new level of customers.
The United States government helped businesses by instituting tariffs—taxes on foreign goods—so that products like steel made by U.S. companies was cheaper than foreign imports. Cheaper steel prices encouraged the development of infrastructure such as railroads and bridges during the American Industrial Revolution.
Advantages of the Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution created an increase in employment opportunities. As factories became widespread, additional managers and employees were required to operate them. Since most of the factories and large companies were located near the cities, the U.S. population migrated to urban areas often overwhelming the available housing.
Increased innovation led to higher levels of motivation and education that resulted in several ground-breaking inventions that are still used today. These inventions include the sewing machine, X-ray, lightbulb, calculator, and anesthesia.
Due to the Industrial Revolution's advancements, the nation saw the first combustible engine, the first incandescent light bulb, and the first modern assembly line used in manufacturing. The Industrial Revolution changed how people worked, the technologies available to them, and often where they lived.
Disadvantages of the Industrial Revolution
Although there were numerous advancements during the Industrial Revolution, the rapid progress caused many issues. As workers left their farms to work in factories for higher wages, it led to a shortage of food being produced.
The sharp increase in the number of factories led to an increased in urban pollution. Pollution wasn't contained to the factories as people flocked to the cities, the living conditions were deplorable as the urban resources were overwhelmed.
Sewage flowed in the streets in some cities while manufacturers dumped waste from factories into rivers. Water supplies were not tested and protected as they are today. As a result, regulations and laws were enacted to protect the population.
The Industrial Revolution provided an incentive to increase profits, and as a result, working conditions in factories deteriorated. Long hours, inadequate remuneration, and minimal breaks became the norm. Child labor was a major issue. Health issues arose for many of the factory workers giving rise to the labor movement throughout the U.S.
Advantages
Advancements in production
Growth in innovations and inventions
Workers earned higher wages
Improvements in transportation networks
Disadvantages
Deplorable working conditions and child labor
Unsanitary living conditions and pollution
Food shortages
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION MEANS THAT THE CHANGE IN INDUSTRY FOR A CERTAIN TIME.
AT THE STARTING TIMES OF THE INDUSTRIES THE PEOPLE USED TO WORK ON DANGEROUS AND HARMFUL MACHINES WHICH CAN ALSO CAUSE A DEATH.AND THE SALARIES OF THOSE WORK IS VERY LESS.
BUT NOW IN 21ST CENTURY WORK OF THE PEOPLE IS SAFE IN THE INDUSTRIES .AND SALARIES.
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