explain the internal structur of human eyes and also discuss the functions of various parts of human eye
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Answer:
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Explanation:
Cornea: Light enters through the cornea, the transparent outer covering of the eye. The eyeball is rounded, so the cornea acts as a lens. It bends or refracts light.
Aqueous Humor: The fluid beneath the cornea has a composition similar to that of blood plasma. The aqueous humor helps to shape the cornea and provides nourishment to the eye.
Iris and Pupil: Light passes through the cornea and aqueous humor through an opening called the pupil. The size of the pupil is determined by the iris, the contractile ring that is associated with eye color. As the pupil dilates (gets bigger), more light enters the eye.
Lens: While most of the focusing of light is done by the cornea, the lens allows the eye to focus on either near or distant objects. Ciliary muscles surround the lens, relaxing to flatten it to image distant objects and contracting to thicken the lens to image close-up objects.
Vitreous Humor: A certain distance is required to focus light. The vitreous humor is a transparent watery gel that supports the eye and allows for this distance.
The Retina and the Optic Nerve
The coating on the interior back of the eye is called the retina. When light strikes the retina, two types of cells are activated. Rods detect light and dark and help form images under dim conditions. Cones are responsible for color vision. The three types of cones are called red, green, and blue, but each actually detects a range of wavelengths and not these specific colors. When you focus clearly on an object, light strikes a region called the fovea. The fovea is packed with cones and allows sharp vision. Rods outside the fovea are largely responsible for peripheral vision.
Rods and cones convert light into an electric signal that is carried from the optic nerve to the brain. The brain translates nerve impulses to form an image. Three-dimensional information comes from comparing the differences between the images formed by each eye.
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The visual system includes the eyes. They give eyesight, the ability to receive and interpret visual information, and the ability to perform many photo response functions that are not dependent on vision.
Explanation: To create clear vision, the eye has numerous elements that must operate together:
The eyeball is protected by the sclera, or white component of the eye.
The pupil, or black dot in the centre of the eye, is a hole that allows light to enter the eye.
The pupil is surrounded by the iris, or coloured component of the eye. It changes the size of the pupil to control how much light enters the eye.
The iris and pupil are protected by the cornea, a clear window at the front of the eye.
By concentrating light onto the retina at the back of the eye, a clear lens situated behind the pupil behaves like a camera lens.
The retina is the back of the eye's light-sensitive inner lining. The retina is made up of ten layers of cells that work together to detect light and convert it into electrical impulses.