Question

Explain

the internal structure
of heart

in detail

with nessary explanation

(Chapter_6)(Life processes )(Grade 10)
​

Answer 1

Answer:

Recall that the heart’s contraction cycle follows a dual pattern of circulation—the pulmonary (lungs)and systemic (body) circuits—because of the pairs of chambers that pump blood into the circulation. In order to develop a more precise understanding of cardiac function, it is first necessary to explore the internal anatomical structures in more detail.

The word septum is derived from the Latin for “something that encloses;” in this case, a septum (plural = septa) refers to a wall or partition that divides the heart into chambers.

Valves of the Heart: the septum between the atria and ventricles is known as the atrioventricular septum. It is marked by the presence of four openings that allow blood to move from the atria into the ventricles and from the ventricles into the pulmonary trunk and aorta. Located in each of these openings between the atria and ventricles is a valve, a specialized structure that ensures one-way flow of blood. The valves between the atria and ventricles are known generically as the tricuspid (right side)and the bicuspid (left side) valve. The valves at the openings that lead to the pulmonary trunk and aorta are known generically as the pulmonary and the aortic valve.

Structures of the Heart

In this figure the top panel shows the image of the heart with the major parts labeled. The bottom left panel shows a photo of the heart with the surface layer peeled off. The images on the bottom right show detailed musculature inside the heart.

This anterior view of the heart shows the four chambers, the major vessels, and their early branches as well as the valves

Answer 2

Required Answer:

Here we will list out the important parts of the heart, from its anatomy or the internal structure which includes auricles, ventricles, septum etc$.$

General Overview:

• The mammalian heart consists of 4 chambers, 2 auricles and 2 ventricles. They are pinkish in colour.
• The upper and smaller chambers are the auricular part and the lower chambers are the ventricular part.

AURICLES:

• They are smaller and darker in colour.
• The walls are thin.
• They are divided into right and left auricles by the Interauricular sulcus.
• Right auricle is larger than the smaller one.

VENTRICLES:

• It is broad and have more muscles.
• They are lighter in colour.
• They have thick walls since they pump the oxygenated blood throughout the body.
• Right ventricle is smaller than left ventricle.

► The right ventricle have to pump the blood only to lungs, and the left ventricles have to pump the blood to all other organs throughout the body, hence left one is broader and larger.

SEPTUM:

They divide the different chambers of the heart from each other. They are of three types:-

• Interauricular - Divides the left and right auricle.
• Interventricular - Divides the left and right ventricle.
• Aurioculoventricular - Divides the two auricles from two ventricles.

Now let's know how the auricles and ventricles receives and pumps blood from the body and throughout the body.

• Right auricle - It receives deoxygenated blood from the body through Superior and Inferior Vena Cava.
• Right ventricle - It receives the impure blood from right auricle through the mitral/bicuspid valve. This blood is then sent to the lungs for oxygenation through pulmonary artery.
• Left auricle - The oxygenated blood from the lungs is then received by the left auricle through pulmonary vein.
• Left ventricle - It receives the pure blood from left auricle through the tricuspid valve and pumps the oxygenated blood to various organs via aorta.

✏️ Refer to the attachment...

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