Question

Explain the jain philosophy.

Answer 1

Jain philosophy is the oldest Indian philosophy that separates body (matter) from the soul (consciousness) completely.[1] Jain philosophy deals with reality, cosmology, epistemology (study of knowledge) and Vitalism. The concept of non-injury or ahiṃsā lies at the core of Jain philosophy. Jain philosophy attempts to explain the rationale of being and existence, the nature of the Universe and its constituents, the nature of bondage and the means to achieve liberation.

Answer 2

Answer:

The ultimate motive of this religion is to achieve Moksha. To achieve this, three measures were given by  Mahavir Swami which later called as Tri-ratna.

1. Right Knowledge (to complete and true knowledge): According to Vardhaman Mahavir, man should  study and follow the preachings of Trithankaras to attain complete and true knowledge.

2. Right Perception: (to have complete faith in Tirthankaras): Everybody should have complete faith and  reverence in Tirthankaras to achieve true knowledge.

3. Right Conduct: It means that true salvation can be achieved after winning over the ve senses  (desires). So man should control over his senses or desires.

Five teachings of Jain philosophy are:

1. Non-violence: It is the soul of Mahavir’s teachings. Ahimsa means feeling of

kindness, equality and sendee to others. .

2. Truthfulness (Satya): One should speak truth in any condition.

3. Non-stealing (Asteya): Theft is a wrong deed.

4. Non-covetiousness (Aprigrah): No large possessions. Keep according to needs. It keeps away from  greed and attachment.

5. Celibacy (Brahamcharya): Mahavir joined 5th Mahavrata in four measures of Tirathankar Parshvnath  as four mahavratas cannot be kept without 5th. According to Mahavir, cause of world’s happiness and  grief is ‘mana’. If one can control Mana or Soul, He can get Moksha or salvation.

Tapasya and Upasna: To control mana and keep ve Mahavratas, he stressed on Tapa and Upasana.

Tapsya is of two types:

1. External

2. Internal.

By external Tapa, a person gets capability of internal tapa.

Upvas: It makes soul and body pure and way to get moksha is cleared. Mahavir believed in soul and its  immortality. He believed in theoiy of Karma Le. transmigration of soul occurs due to Karma and rebirth  takes place. He was against untouchability and casteism. He gave respect to women. He opposed violence  and social evils.

Principle of Syadvad or Anekantvad: It is the main mantra of tolerance and co-ordination. Not giving  respect to others is the cause of tension today in the world. Jain philosophy gives the inspiration of purity of  soul.