Question

Explain the magnetic properties of the 3d series element.

Answer 1

Explanation:

The unpaired electrons in (n-1) d orbitals are responsible for the magnetic properties. The paramagnetic character of the transition metals increases on moving from left to right as the number of unpaired electron increases from one to five. The middle elements are found to possess the maximum paramagnetic property.

Answer 2

Final answer: Most of the elements in the 3d series and their compounds are paramagnetic due to the availability of unpaired electrons.

Given that: We are given elements in the 3d series.

To find: We have to find the details about their magnetic properties.

Explanation:

• The magnetic properties of d-block elements are predicted by the number of unpaired electrons contained in them.
• Paramagnetic substances contain unpaired electrons, which are attracted to the magnetic field, which is paramagnetism.
• On the other hand, there is a diamagnetic substance that contains only a pair of electrons, that is repelled by a magnetic field.
• Due to the presence of unpaired electrons in the 3d orbitals, most of the 3d elements and their compounds are paramagnetic. They are attracted by the magnetic field.
• In the 3d series, the number of unpaired electrons increases from 1 to 5, and the magnetic moment and hence paramagnetic character also increases correspondingly.
• Metals like Cobalt ($Co$) and Nickel ($Ni$) possess high paramagnetism where they obtain permanent magnetic moments and are referred to as ferromagnetic.
• 3d transition metal ions in paramagnetic compounds or substances often have a magnetic dipole moment corresponding to the electron spin contribution only, so the magnetic moment ($\mu$) of the ion is given by:

$\mu = g\sqrt{ S(S+1)} \mu_{B}$

Where,

$g = 2$

$S=$ Total spin

$\mu_{B}=$ Bohr magneton

Ion with ‘$n$’ unpaired electrons, $S$ $= \frac{n}{2}$

Therefore the spin-only magnetic moment is

$\mu = 2\sqrt{ \frac{n}{2} (\frac{n}{2} +1)} \mu_{B} \\\\\mu = 2\sqrt{\frac{n(n+2)}{4}} \mu_{B} \\\\\mu = \sqrt{n(n+2)} \mu_{B}$

Hence, most of the 3d elements are paramagnetic.

To know more about the concept please go through the links

https://brainly.in/question/8060458

https://brainly.in/question/7771268

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